Daily Digest 5/22/2024 (Chester Gordon Bell)

Benton Institute for Broadband & Society
Table of Contents

Digital Divide

Digital Divide in the Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Communities  |  Read below  |  Research  |  Asian Americans Advancing Justice
Digital Literacy In the Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Communities  |  Read below  |  Research  |  Asian Americans Advancing Justice

Net Neutrality

Net Neutrality rules appear in Federal Register; Effective July 22, 2024  |  Federal Communications Commission

Data & Mapping

Unreliable BDC Data  |  Read below  |  Michael Romano  |  Analysis  |  NTCA–The Rural Broadband Association

Spectrum/Wireless

Advancement of 6G Telecommunications Technology  |  Read below  |  Public Notice  |  National Telecommunications and Information Administration
Remarks of Assistant Secretary Alan Davidson at the 6G Summit  |  Read below  |  Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information Alan Davidson  |  Speech  |  National Telecommunications and Information Administration
A Bright Future for Wireless Innovation at the RIC Forum  |  Read below  |  Jeremy Glenn  |  Analysis  |  National Telecommunications and Information Administration
How Lasers Can Light the Path to Spectrum Sharing  |  Read below  |  Press Release  |  National Telecommunications and Information Administration

Hybrid sharing: enabling both licensed mobile and Wi-Fi users to access the upper 6 GHz band  |  Ofcom

Artificial Intelligence

The United States Artificial Intelligence Safety Institute: Vision, Mission, and Strategic Goals  |  Read below  |  Press Release  |  US Artificial Intelligence Safety Institute
Historic first as companies spanning North America, Asia, Europe and Middle East agree safety commitments on development of AI  |  Read below  |  Press Release  |  UK Department for Science Innovation and Technology
Meta walked away from news. Now the company’s using it for AI content  |  Washington Post
LinkedIn Begins Labeling AI-Generated Content  |  MediaPost
The AI elections fracas is well underway  |  Politico
AI Is a Black Box. Anthropic Figured Out a Way to Look Inside  |  Wired

Social Media/Platforms

A Double-Edged Sword: How Diverse Communities of Young People Think About the Multifaceted Relationship Between Social Media and Mental Health  |  Read below  |  Research  |  Common Sense Media
Christopher Cox and Ron Wyden | Repealing Section 230 without a plan to replace it is a bipartisan idea—and terribly reckless  |  Wall Street Journal
Libraries, Wikipedia And Others Blast Proposal To Repeal Section 230  |  MediaPost
Prosecutors say man made harmful images and distributed them on Instagram and Telegram  |  Vox

Lobbying

Municipal broadband advocates fight off attacks from “dark money” groups  |  Read below  |  Jon Brodkin  |  Ars Technica

Industry News

Comcast Cable CEO says fiber is the main long-term competitor  |  Read below  |  Linda Hardesty  |  Fierce
AT&T CEO: Convergence, it's what's happening  |  Read below  |  Dan Jones  |  Fierce
Frontier isn’t fretting about competitors stealing its golden goose  |  Read below  |  Masha Abarinova  |  Fierce
Spectrum Offers to Pay Up to $2,500 to Customers Who Switch to Spectrum Mobile  |  Charter Communications

Stories From Abroad

Ofcom fines BT £2.8m for failing its EE and Plusnet customers  |  Ofcom
Today's Top Stories

Digital Divide: In the Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Communities

While the pandemic heightened awareness of the digital divide and the staggering number of households unable to benefit from digital services and opportunities, Asian American, Native Hawaiians, and
Pacific Islander (AANHPI) communities throughout the country have been fighting to achieve digital equity and inclusion for years. Broadband challenges vary by community but include a lack of high-speed internet network availability, a lack of access to digital readiness tools and devices, insufficient access to information and resources that can help non-adopters get online safely. Very few digital divide studies include Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders in their analysis. This study aims to better understand the unique needs and diverse challenges that the AANHPI communities face in achieving digital literacy and empowerment. These surveys confirmed what advocates and community leaders have been reporting for years—significant subsets of Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander communities are still being left behind by the digital divide.

Digital Literacy In the Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Communities

In March 2021, Asian Americans Advancing Justice | AAJC, along with Comcast, co-hosted a Digital Convening that brought together eighteen AANHPI serving organizations to discuss what the digital divide looks like in their respective communities. They discussed how the digital divide includes insufficient broadband access, a lack of equipment, and a need for greater education. The community partners also shared their expertise on the ability of their communities to access digital services before, during, and after the pandemic. Recurring themes during the conversation included accessibility, education, workforce development, and safety. Learnings from the Convening indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the digital divide. More than ever, AANHPI individuals need broadband access to stay connected to communities, access healthcare and educational opportunities, and participate in government programs that are designed to bring them relief.

Unreliable BDC Data

Michael Romano  |  Analysis  |  NTCA–The Rural Broadband Association

Representatives of NTCA–The Rural Broadband Association met with Hayley Steffen, legal advisor to Commissioner Anna Gomez for wireline and space, to discuss the impacts of unreliable Broadband Data Collection (“BDC”) data and “broadband overreach” on policy and funding decisions made by the Federal Communications Commission and provided a series of recommendations related to broadband availability mapping and BDC processes. While the FCC decided in 2021 that what a provider “makes available” would be determined by reference to a provider’s “advertised” levels of performance, and while it declined requests to take into account actual performance for fear that this would devolve into disputes over throughput, NTCA explained that tying reporting to “actual” speeds by reference to robust and well-established technical standards that indicate what levels of performance might be reasonably expected from a given network technology and architecture—paired with analysis of chronic underperformance in actual results—would represent a far more reliable measure of availability than the perspectives of individual providers’ marketing departments. Suggested solutions include the creation of public heat maps, updates to BDC challenge codes, making successful challenges more “sticky,” strengthening verification efforts, further updates to technical standards, and closing the loophole that permits certain providers to avoid submitting technical explanations for propagation assumptions), as well as issues that require more careful consideration in the context of other decision-making (such as ensuring that a provider’s ability to serve some in a given geography does not become the basis for deeming that provider a substitute for universal service in that geography).

Advancement of 6G Telecommunications Technology

The National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) launched a request for comment on how U.S. government policies can support the development of next-generation 6G technology. Secure and reliable communications services are vital to U.S. economic competitiveness and national security. The wireless industry is beginning to plan for the development of 6G, and the U.S. has already joined like-minded partners in establishing joint principles to shape the future of this technology. NTIA’s new Request for Comment (RFC) seeks input to inform future U.S. government engagement in support of 6G development and deployment. The RFC asks questions about how to enable 6G success, research and development, and 6G safety, security and environmental concerns. Questions include:

  • How can the U.S. Government ensure that the benefits of 6G technology extend to all segments of society?  
  • When is 6G technology expected to begin lab and field trials and then become commercially available? What developments in 6G technology could accelerate replacement of obsolete technologies?  
  • How could 6G improve network resiliency during disaster and recovery operations, such as in hurricane response and other natural and man-made disasters that impact network performance?

Remarks of Assistant Secretary Alan Davidson at the 6G Summit

Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information Alan Davidson  |  Speech  |  National Telecommunications and Information Administration

On May 21, Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information Alan Davidson delivered recorded remarks at the 6G Summit hosted by ATIS Next G Alliance. He spoke about the exciting benefits of 6G, and why it is important for policymakers to prepare early to best "harness and support the innovations this next generation of technology will bring." Assistant Secretary Davidson also announced the release of the National Telecommunications and Information Administration's (NTIA) 6G Request for Comment. "Our inquiry seeks comment on the state of development of 6G wireless communications, including proposed priorities, potential use cases, and research and development. We hope to receive input from a broad range of stakeholders in the private sector, academia, civil society, and the public sector on how to advance 6G. The responses—due in August—will be used to develop a report and inform U.S. policy for the 6G future."

A Bright Future for Wireless Innovation at the RIC Forum

Jeremy Glenn  |  Analysis  |  National Telecommunications and Information Administration

NTIA’s Institute for Telecommunication Sciences (ITS), in collaboration with the Department of Defense’s FutureG Office, recently hosted the RIC (RAN Intelligent Controller) Forum in Dallas, Texas. The demonstrations and high engagement from attendees underscored why the RIC Forum is drawing such a high level of international attention and interest. Thanks to advances in the RAN Intelligent Controller, or RIC, Open RAN has the potential to spur energy efficiency, automation, spectrum management, and more. Outcomes of the RIC Forum include:

  • Understanding the current and future market for Open RAN technologies;
  • Demonstrating xApps and rApps for priority use cases such as energy saving, security, traffic steering, and spectrum management;
  • Showcasing the actual state of the international Open RAN market;
  • Sharing information among RIC developers around novel tools, strategies, and solutions; and
  • Engaging global partners and readying them for investment and large-scale deployment of this technology.  

How Lasers Can Light the Path to Spectrum Sharing

Lidar, a sensing method that uses light waves, has been around since the 1960s when the United States developed it as a military technology for defense and aerospace uses, but the advent of publicly-available lidar data has made it a crucial tool for helping radio scientists inside and outside of government better predict where objects like trees and buildings will likely interrupt a wireless signal. These more accurate predictions can enable more opportunities for government and non-government users to share the airwaves. By measuring the time it takes for a laser pulse to return to its sending point, a lidar system measures and records the shapes and heights of buildings, trees, and other surface features to create a very precise three-dimensional model of an environment. Spectrum sharing relies on these propagation models to predict signal strength between two points, such as a cell phone and a government system like an air traffic control radar. Increasing demand for spectrum points to the need for increasingly efficient ways to share it, and Dynamic Spectrum Sharing is a key pillar of the National Spectrum Strategy. Curious to learn more? ISART 2024, the International Symposium on Advanced Radio Technologies that ITS is hosting June 10-13 in Denver, is all about the impact of clutter on modeling and planning spectrum dependent systems and spectrum sharing.

The United States Artificial Intelligence Safety Institute: Vision, Mission, and Strategic Goals

The United States Artificial Intelligence Safety Institute (AISI) released its organizational vision, mission, and goals. AISI envisions a future where safe AI innovation enables a thriving world. AISI operates with two key principles in mind: beneficial AI depends on AI safety, and AI safety depends on science. AISI's strategic goals are:

  1. Making the vision possible: advancing AI safety science through research, including testing, evaluation, validation, and verification of increasingly capable AI models, systems, and agents.
  2. Making the vision actionable: developing and disseminating AI safety practices.
  3. Making the vision sustainable: supporting institutions, communities, and coordination around AI safety

Historic first as companies spanning North America, Asia, Europe and Middle East agree safety commitments on development of AI

New commitments to develop AI safely have been agreed with 16 AI tech companies spanning the globe, including companies from the US, China and the Middle East, marking a world-first on the opening day of the AI Seoul Summit on May 21. Where they have not done so already, AI tech companies will each publish safety frameworks on how they will measure risks of their frontier AI models, such as examining the risk of misuse of technology by bad actors. Companies will take input from trusted actors including home governments as appropriate, before being released ahead of the AI Action Summit in France in early 2025. The 16 companies who have agreed to these commitments are:

  1. Amazon 
  2. Anthropic 
  3. Cohere 
  4. Google / Google DeepMind 
  5. G42 
  6. IBM 
  7. Inflection AI 
  8. Meta 
  9. Microsoft 
  10. Mistral AI 
  11. Naver 
  12. OpenAI 
  13. Samsung Electronics 
  14. Technology Innovation Institute 
  15. xAI 
  16. Zhipu.ai

A Double-Edged Sword: How Diverse Communities of Young People Think About the Multifaceted Relationship Between Social Media and Mental Health

Research  |  Common Sense Media

National narratives about youth well-being have increasingly focused on how to address the youth mental health crisis. While a multitude of complex factors are contributing to the growth of mental health challenges among young people, social media has often landed in the center of the conversation. To better understand youth mental health and its relationship to social media use, researchers have shown that it is critically important to listen to and honor the experiences of youth themselves. In pursuit of a richer understanding of their experiences with social media and their mental health, this study—the third in a series—has engaged with and centered young people in the design, execution, and interpretation of the research findings. The seven key findings are:

  1. Depressive symptoms among young people are down from pandemic highs, but comparable to already-elevated 2018 levels.
  2. Young people experience both costs and benefits from their use of social media, and many implement strategies to manage the negative aspects.
  3. Most young people encounter negative attacks on identity and body-shaming comments on social media, as well as identityaffirming and body-positive comments.
  4. Black young people value connecting with others about mental health, exploring professional and educational opportunities, and expressing their creativity on social media more than White youth. Black and Latino young people are also more likely to face negative experiences online that lead them to take breaks from a social media account.
  5. Social media is a double-edged sword for LGBTQ+ youth, offering both important opportunities for support and identity affirmation, and greater exposure to harassment and stress.
  6. Young adults see more downsides to social media than teens do, and they also do more to manage their engagement and exposure.
  7. Youth with depressive symptoms are more vulnerable to social comparison and pressure to show their best selves on social media. However, they are also more likely to find resources to support their wellbeing and to curate their feeds in response to content they don't want to see.

Municipal broadband advocates fight off attacks from “dark money” groups

Jon Brodkin  |  Ars Technica

Cities and towns that build their own broadband networks often say they only considered the do-it-yourself option because private Internet service providers didn't meet their communities' needs.  Hundreds of municipal broadband networks have been built around the US as a result, including dozens that have started operating since 2021. The rise of public broadband hasn't happened without a fight, though. Private internet service providers (ISPs) that would rather face no government-funded competition have tried to convince voters that public networks are doomed to become boondoggles. Opponents of public broadband don't always attach their names to these campaigns, but it often seems likely that private ISPs are behind the anti-municipal broadband lobbying. Public broadband advocates say that over the past few years, they've seen a noticeable increase in "dark money" groups attacking public network projects. Gigi Sohn, executive director of the Association for Public Broadband, said it's easy for public broadband opponents to register as 501(c)(4) groups that don't have to disclose donors.

Comcast Cable CEO says fiber is the main long-term competitor

Linda Hardesty  |  Fierce

“The main long-term competitor for us is fiber,” says Comcast Cable CEO Dave Watson. Comcast is in the process of rolling out mid-split upgrades and preparing for the launch of DOCSIS 4.0. Comcast doubled mid-splits year over year and now reaches 40% of its footprint. Watson said the company has previously been asked if it’s holding back on network investments to manage capital intensity. He said, “We’re not holding back one bit. We’re in position with where we’re building, where we're doing upgrades and where we’re ushering in multi-gig symmetrical. We’ve gone up against fiber for a very long period of time, and I think we have a good road map for how to compete.” In addition, the company is growing passings. Recently, Comcast touted a rural broadband project in Stafford County, Virginia, highlighting that this is a public-private project between Comcast and the county. The cable company says it is involved in public-private partnerships across its national footprint.

AT&T CEO: Convergence, it's what's happening

Dan Jones  |  Fierce

AT&T’s CEO highlighted the operator's progress of combining 5G, fiber and other forthcoming elements like direct-to-satellite communications. “Converged is now the opportunity” CEO John Stankey stated. “That’s going to be one of the key areas for us to get to 40 or 50% [market penetration rates],” he added. This convergence includes fiber, as it was noted that AT&T is on track to reach its goal of 30 million fiber locations passed by the end of 2025. The converged landscape also includes 5G. Stankey noted that AT&T’s older products that “have served us well”—traditional copper landlines and the like—“are being replaced by 5G and fiber.”

Frontier isn’t fretting about competitors stealing its golden goose

Masha Abarinova  |  Fierce

In May 2024, Frontier posted positive quarterly revenue for the first time in nearly a decade. But maybe that’s not so surprising, given fiber has become its golden goose. Frontier Executive Chairman John Stratton recently reiterated the company’s year-end goal of building 1.3 million fiber passings. It’s also about “68-70%” complete on its multi-year target to reach 10 million locations with fiber.  Stratton said since Frontier emerged from bankruptcy in April 2021, off the bat it “communicated to the broader market” about its intent to build 10 million fiber passings. He thinks that “had a bit of a freezing effect” on fiber overbuilders on how they’ve thought about entering Frontier’s footprint. As far as "convergence", Stratton said that he doesn't see a mobile product in Frontier's future.

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Benton (www.benton.org) provides the only free, reliable, and non-partisan daily digest that curates and distributes news related to universal broadband, while connecting communications, democracy, and public interest issues. Posted Monday through Friday, this service provides updates on important industry developments, policy issues, and other related news events. While the summaries are factually accurate, their sometimes informal tone may not always represent the tone of the original articles. Headlines are compiled by Kevin Taglang (headlines AT benton DOT org), Grace Tepper (grace AT benton DOT org), and Zoe Walker (zwalker AT benton DOT org) — we welcome your comments.


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