July 2010

The new journalism

[Commentary] The house Cronkite built did many fine things. It also locked out competing points of view, buried inconvenient bodies, spun the news and racked up a formidable list of Shirley Sherrods all its own. The New York Times whitewashed Stalin's genocide. Cronkite misreported the significance of the Tet offensive to say the Vietnam War was unwinnable. Dan Rather, Cronkite's replacement, began his career falsely reporting that Dallas schoolchildren cheered JFK's murder and ended it falsely reporting on forged National Guard memos. The Rodney King video was misleadingly edited; Janet Cooke made up her stories for the Washington Post. The media environment today is so dizzying because of two revolutions. On one front we have the upheaval of the Internet, of which the WikiLeaks story -- the leaking of 92,000 government documents about the war in Afghanistan -- is Exhibit A. (The leaks weren't just private; they were official secrets! But who cares!) On the other front there's the consumer backlash -- largely conservative, with Fox News as Exhibit A -- against the old ideological media monopoly. This pincer movement can be scary. But it's progress over the Cronkite era.

Second Circuit Seeks More Input on Fleeting Nudity

According to one of the parties in the case, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals has asked both sides for supplemental briefs in the NYPD Blue indecency case, wanting to know what effect a recent ruling by a three-judge panel of that same court has on the Federal Communications Commission's fleeting nudity enforcement policy under challenge in the NYPD Blue case.

That case is the one in which the FCC proposed fining ABC affiliates more than a million dollars over a 2003 episode of the acclaimed police drama that featured seven seconds worth of the backside of a character (played by actress Charlotte Ross) accidently displayed to a child who happens into the bathroom while she is preparing to shower. The Second Circuit wants to know what impact its recent decision in the Fox case that the FCC's fleeting profanity policy is unconstitutionally vague and chilling has on the case against the FCC's fleeting nudity policy challenge in Blue. There is a deadline of Aug. 23 for briefs of no more than 15 pages

Expletives Fly at Raucous Labor Union Convention Over Telecom 'Czar'

Tempers flared at the 72nd annual convention of the Communications Workers of America over a proposed amendment to the union's constitution that would establish the new position of Telecommunications Sector Vice President. Members expressed opposition to the amendment amid concerns that a Telecom Sector VP could undermine local chapters' already-troubled bargaining leverage. Secretary-Treasurer Jeffrey A. Rechenbach presided over the debate. Ultimately the amendment was voted down.

Economy Tops the Agenda

A media stalwart prompting a policy debate with an in-depth investigation ended with a vivid illustration of the perils of the rapid-fire nature of modern cable and the edges of Internet news. But even with that, the economy nevertheless dominated the week's news, edging out the Washington Post's two-year investigation of America's intelligence-gathering apparatus and the firing of an Agriculture Department employee named Shirley Sherrod. Economic news accounted for 17% of the newshole from July 19-25, its highest level in nearly three months, according to the Pew Research Center's Project for Excellence in Journalism. Driving the story last week were partisan debates over a pair of Washington-centric items: the merits of extending unemployment insurance benefits and Wall Street regulatory reform. The No. 2 story of the week was the forced resignation of Sherrod after a conservative activist posted clips of a speech she gave to the NAACP in March.

Why thousands of Verizon customers in New York lost service

Verizon returned service to thousands of customers in midtown Manhattan late Monday afternoon after a failed circuit board silenced phones across New York. Verizon said it was too soon to figure out how to compensate businesses for their lost sales.

Town and country digital divide could widen in the UK

The so-called "digital divide" between rural and urban areas in the UK is likely to widen further before it narrows, according to Ed Richards, chief executive of Ofcom, as city dwellers benefit from a wider choice of broadband providers and Internet service providers are likely to invest in urban areas first. In a report published on Tuesday, Ofcom said that average download speeds in rural areas were half those in urban areas, at just 2.7 megabits per second compared to an average 5.8Mbit/s in urban areas.

Daily Paper for Children Defies the Craze for Digital

Mon Quotidien is one of the most popular daily newspapers in France. The paper invites several of its readers, children, twice weekly to help edit the paper, except for the front page, choosing stories that will be featured in its seven other pages. Despite great journalistic names like Le Monde and Le Figaro, the French read ever fewer newspapers. On a per capita basis, only about half as many papers are sold here as in Germany or Britain, and readership is especially low among the young. Only 10 percent of 15- to 24-year-olds read a paid-for newspaper in 2007, the last time the government took a survey, down from 20 percent a decade earlier. In fact, so concerned was the French government with the decline in newspaper readership that it detailed plans last year for a program called Mon Journal Offert, or My Complimentary Paper, to offer 18- to 24-year-olds a free yearlong subscription to a newspaper of their choice. Though the program quickly reached the 200,000-reader limit the government had foreseen, there was little sign that readers continued their subscriptions once they had to pay.

Honduras Faces Criticism Over Journalist Killings After a Coup

The Honduran government's failure to investigate the killings of seven journalists this year has fostered "a climate of lawlessness that is allowing criminals to kill journalists with impunity," the Committee to Protect Journalists concluded in a report released July 27.

The seven killings all occurred against a backdrop of political unrest set off by the coup that ousted President Manuel Zelaya 13 months ago. The political conflict has continued since then, creating significant difficulties for the nation's current president, Porfirio Lobo, who was elected in November. He has been lobbying to gain international recognition, but has run up against resistance by his counterparts in South America, preventing his country's return to the Organization of American States, the main regional body. Under pressure from the United States, Mr. Lobo has established a truth commission to investigate the events surrounding the coup and appointed a human rights adviser. But human rights violations -- directed mostly against the coup's opponents, human rights defenders and activists -- continue, according to a report last month by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.

Move to Limit Cantonese on Chinese TV Is Assailed

More than 1,000 people gathered July 25 in Guangzhou, in southern China, to demonstrate against a local politician's proposal to force a major local television network to stop broadcasting in Cantonese and switch to the country's official language, Mandarin.

The protest, which was raucous and impassioned, ended peacefully after the police broke up the crowd. But any mention of the demonstration was wiped from many Internet forums on Monday, and only one national newspaper carried a detailed report, indicating that the pro-Cantonese groundswell had become a politically delicate matter. Cantonese is widely spoken in Hong Kong, Guangdong Province -- whose capital is Guangzhou -- and neighboring areas. Some call it a dialect of Mandarin, a language spoken commonly in the north, but a growing number of linguists say Cantonese is a separate language. Northerners generally do not understand it, but are used to its strongly pitched sounds because of the ubiquity of Hong Kong movies and Cantonese pop songs. Concern over the loss of languages and dialects in China is growing. In Tibet and Xinjiang, some ethnic Tibetans and Uighurs say the use of Mandarin as the official teaching language in schools has weakened the fluency of the local languages among many young people. Officials say mastering Mandarin is important for students to compete for jobs and university slots.

New Library of Congress rules allow unapproved iPhone apps

Owners of the iPhone will be able to legally unlock their devices so they can run software applications that haven't been approved by Apple Inc., according to new government rules announced July 26.

The decision to allow the practice commonly known as "jailbreaking" is one of a handful of new exemptions from a 1998 federal law that prohibits people from bypassing technical measures that companies put on their products to prevent unauthorized use of copyright-protected material. The Library of Congress, which oversees the Copyright Office, reviews and authorizes exemptions every three years to ensure that the law does not prevent certain non-infringing uses of copyright-protected works. For iPhone jailbreakers, the new rules effectively legitimize a practice that has been operating in a legal gray area by exempting it from liability. Apple claims that jailbreaking is an unauthorized modification of its software.

In addition to jailbreaking, other exemptions would:

  • allow owners of used cell phones to break access controls on their phones in order to switch wireless carriers.
  • allow people to break technical protections on video games to investigate or correct security flaws.
  • allow college professors, film students, documentary filmmakers and producers of noncommercial videos to break copy-protection measures on DVDs so they can embed clips for educational purposes, criticism or commentary.
  • allow computer owners to bypass the need for external security devices called dongles if the dongle no longer works and cannot be replaced.
  • allow blind people to break locks on electronic books so that they can use them with read-aloud software and similar aides.