Wednesday, October 16, 2024
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Today | Getting Connected: Closing the Broadband Access Gap in the US
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FCC Explores How Broadband Data Caps Impact Competition and Consumers
$8 Billion of the $10 Billion Capital Projects Fund is being spent for broadband
Digital Equity
Broadband Funding
Consumer Protections
Tribal/State/Local
Spectrum/Wireless
Ownership/Antitrust
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The telecommunications industry is pinning its hopes on the Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment (BEAD) program to bring broadband to all hard-to-reach rural locations across the U.S. But this doesn’t mean the country is done bridging the digital divide in cities. According to Heather Gate, EVP of Digital Inclusion at Connected Nation, there’s concern that urban communities are being left behind because access disparities are “not as visible” in cities. Infrastructure funding “is just not going into those urbanized areas,” said Ronnie Hammond, director of Maryland’s Office of Statewide Broadband. Juliet Fink-Yates, Broadband and Digital Inclusion Manager in the City of Philadelphia, says that folks in urban communities and municipalities are “falling in and out” of connectivity because they can’t afford it.
Joseph Wender, director of the Capital Projects Fund (CPF), said that the program has awarded all the states and territories their portion of the $10 billion fund, and the awardees have decided to spend $8 billion on broadband infrastructure projects. The CPF was created as part of the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA), which became law in March 2021. ARPA included a variety of programs to help Americans during and after the Covid crisis. The $10 billion Capital Projects Fund gave states funding for critical projects to enable work, education and healthcare in response to the public health crisis. Providing an update on the Capital Projects program, Wender said, “States have chosen to use $8 billion of the $10 billion for broadband. They report to us that when it’s done in 2026, over 2 million locations that previously did not enjoy high-speed broadband will have it as a result of our funds.”
Adoption is now the primary barrier to closing the digital divide. While deployment subsidies have been the bread and butter of broadband policy for decades, now that implementation of the National Telecommunications and Information Administration’s (NTIA’s) Broadband Equity Access and Deployment Program is underway, broadband policy must retool for a future that prioritizes adoption efforts to address the leading causes of Internet non-use rather than the dwindling problem of lack of deployment. Digital inclusion efforts that can address adoption gaps are necessarily more localized and not as susceptible to purely financial solutions; high-quality, localized data is essential to customizing effective policy solutions, but their complexity does not make them less valuable. Project LEIA is an excellent opportunity to move in the right direction, and we commend NTIA for this bold approach.
Fixed and mobile broadband Internet access service providers (BIAS providers) have responded to increasing demand for more data by offering higher bandwidth plans. Many of these BIAS
providers, however, have imposed limits on data usage, or data caps, that, when exceeded, may result in higher fees and slower speeds for subscribers. With this Notice of Inquiry, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) explores the use of data caps for fixed and mobile broadband Internet service, and their corresponding impact on consumers and competition. In light of the critical importance of broadband Internet access service, we seek comment to better understand the current state of data caps and whether data caps cause harm to competition or consumers’ ability to access broadband Internet services.
In honor of Indigenous Peoples’ Day, the Institute for Local Self Reliance (ILSR) celebrates the growing number of Tribal nations exercising digital sovereignty by building Tribally-owned broadband networks. Our freshly updated Indigenous Networks map and census highlights the burgeoning Tribal broadband movement, offering a window into this critical work across Indian Country. Our updates underscore how much has changed since 2020 when ILSR first undertook research on Tribal networks. When we began tracking the development of Tribal broadband, of the 574 federally-recognized Tribes in the nation, there were about 40 Tribal networks offering service. Four years later, there are now twice as many active networks in operation with 50 more Tribes who have secured funding to build their own networks, thanks in part to unprecedented federal investments in Tribal broadband. An additional four dozen Tribes have expressed interest in following suit, determined to close the digital divide in what has historically been the least connected part of the United States.
When it comes to connectivity, Connecticut (pun intended) is in the enviable situation of having 99 percent of its locations already powered by broadband. But statewide usage statistics—from the American Community Survey and providers’ adoption data—showed that only about 87 percent of its locations actually subscribe to internet. That roughly 12 percent gap means the state has other priorities for broadband funding than many less-well-connected states. Connecticut’s Director of Telecommunications and Broadband Kevin Pisacich describes a statewide, holistic approach to broadband, in which every agency works together to push three priorities forward at once: action, adoption, and affordability.
An Update on Implementing the National Spectrum Strategy: The National Spectrum Research and Development Plan
The National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) is thrilled by the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy’s publication of the National Spectrum Research and Development Plan. Whether you’re talking about 5G, WiFi, advanced manufacturing, or missions to the moon and beyond, 21st-century American innovation often depends on sufficient access to spectrum. Coordinated, effective research and development can help us expand the overall capacity and usability of that spectrum—and raise our technological ambitions as a Nation. That’s why the National Spectrum Strategy committed “to improving collective understanding of the electromagnetic spectrum through coordinated, focused, and sophisticated research and development (R&D)” and called for the U.S. government to develop the R&D Plan working through OSTP. As a result, we now have a plan that identifies top priorities within the following research categories:
- Innovation areas for use-inspired research;
- Innovation areas for fundamental research;
- Research accelerators; and
- Organizational improvements.
The U.S is at a critical juncture for regaining leadership in driving future international spectrum allocation decisions. The U.S is in serious risk of marooning itself and becoming a mid-band spectrum and technology island, given U.S. allocations in the 3 and 6 GHz bands that increasingly diverge from the harmonization in the rest of the world. To stave off such an outcome, the U.S. must drive consensus with global industry ecosystem partners and government allies to ensure that emerging technologies and services, such as supplemental coverage from space services, or “direct-to-cell,” do not cause or suffer from harmful interference internationally. Global consensus will also ensure that other nascent and future technologies are deployed in a harmonized manner that preserves economic scale and synergies—to the benefit of industry and consumers in all countries. The first and biggest imperative we have is reauthorizing the FCC’s auction authority. I implore Congress to take action soon. And to preach to the choir a bit, I also agree with two of CTIA’s key policy assessments in the FCC’s spectrum implementation plan proceeding involving a unique opportunity for the U.S. to focus on the 7 and 8 GHz bands for 5G.
One of the enduring ironies of antitrust law is that governments often step in to solve perceived problems that market forces are already addressing. A prime example: the breakup of AT&T in 1984 didn’t bring about the demise of the Bell telephone monopoly. The real shift came from new fiber optic networks—launched around 1984—and the development of cellular networks. Now, we see the same pattern with Google. After years of litigation, the Department of Justice (DOJ) secured a conviction alleging that Google illegally maintained a monopoly in general search. Simultaneously, another DOJ trial targeting Google’s online advertising role is getting underway. However, both cases miss a crucial point: Market forces are already dismantling whatever dominance Google may have had.
Benton (www.benton.org) provides the only free, reliable, and non-partisan daily digest that curates and distributes news related to universal broadband, while connecting communications, democracy, and public interest issues. Posted Monday through Friday, this service provides updates on important industry developments, policy issues, and other related news events. While the summaries are factually accurate, their sometimes informal tone may not always represent the tone of the original articles. Headlines are compiled by Kevin Taglang (headlines AT benton DOT org), Grace Tepper (grace AT benton DOT org), and Zoe Walker (zwalker AT benton DOT org) — we welcome your comments.
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