Friday, March 11, 2022
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Today: Public Hearing on Broadband Consumer Labels
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FCC Announces Over $640 Million for Rural Broadband in 26 States
FCC Releases Data on Internet Access Services as of June 30, 2019
EU and UK open antitrust probe into Google and Meta over online ads
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The House of Representatives passed H.R. 2471, an omnibus spending bill consisting of all 12 fiscal year 2022 appropriations bills and supplemental funding to support Ukraine. H.R. 2471 provides $1.5 trillion in discretionary resources across the 12 fiscal year 2022 appropriations bills. In total, the regular 12 appropriations bills include $730 billion in non-defense funding, a $46 billion increase over fiscal year 2021. The 2022 Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies funding bill invests over $550 million in the expansion of broadband service to provide economic development opportunities and improved education and healthcare services, including an additional $450 million for the ReConnect program. This is in addition to the $2 billion provided in the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. Since 2019, more than 200,000 rural residents have gained access to broadband through these programs. The 2022 Financial Services and General Government funding bill includes $382 million for the FCC, an increase of $8 million above the FY 2021 enacted level, to support efforts to expand broadband access, improve the security of US telecommunications networks, and administer billions in COVID relief programs.
The Federal Communications Commission announced that it is ready to authorize more than $640 million through the Rural Digital Opportunity Fund to fund new broadband deployments in 26 states bringing service to nearly 250,000 locations. To date, the program has provided $4.7 billion in funding to nearly 300 carriers for new deployments in 47 states to bring broadband to almost 2.7 million locations. In early 2022, Chairwoman Rosenworcel established the Rural Broadband Accountability Plan (RBAP), a new effort to monitor and ensure compliance for universal service high-cost programs including the Rural Digital Opportunity Fund and Connect America Fund Phase II Auction. The RBAP made a number of changes and enhancements to existing audit and verification procedures, including doubling the number of audits and verifications, conducting the first on-site audits for the programs, and focusing audits and verifications on the largest winning bidders. A fact sheet on the RBAP is available here. The FCC also announced a number of defaulted bids, making the census blocks in those defaulted bids potentially eligible for other funding programs. Lists of the eligible census blocks covered by the winning bids and defaulted bids are available on the Auction 904 website here.
Charter CEO Tom Rutledge isn’t sold on the idea that consumers need symmetrical broadband speeds, but says it has a roadmap to offer them using DOCSIS 3.1 technology to keep up with competition from fiber players. Rutledge said, “It’s a marketing claim. It’s a claim without much reality from a [data] use perspective…Even one gig down is to some extent a marketing claim from a reality perspective.” However, to the extent that it needs to keep up with such claims from competitors, Rutledge said it can. He pointed to DOCSIS 3.1 as one avenue to upgrade its network, stating it has a pathway to “take that up to multi-gigabit symmetrical speeds and to do that very inexpensively, without having to change out any of the CPE.” In the future, it can also tap into DOCSIS 4.0 to get it to 10-gig speeds to stay on par with fiber service, he said.
Regional operator Ritter Communications has been awarded eight grants totaling about $44 million to provide all-fiber broadband networks in Arkansas. The grants were awarded through the Arkansas Rural Connect (ARC) program, which is funded through the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA). The eight grants are in addition to other ARC grants previously made to Ritter, bringing the total ARC funding awarded to the provider to $67 million. Ritter will supplement the funding to “ensure ubiquitous network coverage” and make the final connections to homes and businesses. The areas will have access to Ritter’s RightFiber symmetrical 1 Gbps service. The networks can be upgraded to 10 Gbps as demand increases, according to the company.
This report summarizes information about Internet access connections in the United States as of June 30, 2019 as collected by Federal Communications Commission Form 477. For purposes of this report, Internet access connections are those in service, over 200 kilobits per second (kbps) in at least one direction, and reported to the FCC through Form 477. Total Internet connections increased by about 4.7% between June 2018 and June 2019 to 449 million. Mobile Internet connections increased 5.1% year-over-year to 336 million in June 2019, while fixed connections grew to 113 million—up about 3.3% from June 2018. [For context, the US Census Bureau estimated that there were approximately 120.8 million households in June 2019.] At the time, 57% of the fixed connections were at least 100 Mbps download, just over 21% were between 25 and 100 Mbps, and 12% were between 10 and 25 Mbps. Nearly 60% were at least 6 Mbps upload, 20% were 3 to 6 Mbps, and 13.2% were 1-3 Mbps. The median downstream speed of all reported fixed connections was 100 Mbps and the median upstream speed was 10 Mbps. For residential fixed connections, the median downstream speed was 100 Mbps and the median upstream speed was 10 Mbps.
On February 22, 2022, the Federal Communications Commission’s Broadband Data Task Force and Office of Economics and Analytics (OEA) announced the filing dates for the initial Broadband Data Collection (BDC) availability data collection. On March 9, the Task Force, OEA, the Wireless Telecommunications Bureau, and the Office of Engineering and Technology released the BDC Mobile Technical Requirements Order, which adopts technical requirements to implement the BDC mobile challenge, verification, and crowdsourcing processes. The Task Force and OEA have also published two documents setting forth data specifications related to the BDC. The specifications provide guidance to filers on how to prepare and format mobile speed test data and infrastructure data for submission into the BDC system. Together with the data specifications related to the biannual submission of subscription, availability, and supporting data for the BDC, these are now available on the FCC’s Broadband Data Collection website here.
New America's Open Technology Institute (OTI) sent recommendations to the FCC on the “broadband nutrition label,” a standardized form that clearly discloses the price and terms of internet service plans. OTI submitted the following comments and recommendations:
- Broadband disclosures are opaque, confusing, and intimidating.
- The labels must promote transparency, simplicity, and competition.
- The labels can promote digital equity and other pro-consumer goals.
- The content of the 2016 labels should be updated.
- The format of the 2016 labels should be updated.
- The FCC should anticipate long-term enforcement needs.
- Small providers are market leaders on transparency.
- The FCC should solicit more public feedback.
For state technology leaders, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act marks a unique opportunity to move the needle on broadband availability and accessibility. State CIOs and others in state government tasked with promoting connectivity are looking to the $65 billion earmarked for broadband as a key means to help bring affordable Internet to all Americans. Every state will get $100 million to spend on broadband once the money starts flowing, and while the final formulas haven’t been worked out, many states expect to receive significantly more over time. Executive director of the ConnectMaine Authority Peggy Schaffer has heard estimates as high as $300 million or more for her state’s piece of that pie. “It’s a significant amount of money for the state,” she said. Experts say that the infrastructure spending could go a long way toward closing connectivity gaps in underserved communities. Maryland, Maine and Utah share their plans for putting those resources to use.
Tennessee’s broadband deployment is getting a leg up with expanded funding from the American Rescue Plan (ARP). The Tennessee Department of Economic and Community Development (ECD) will award up to $400 million to service providers for broadband infrastructure projects. All entities authorized to provide broadband in the state are eligible to receive funding, said Taylre Beaty, state broadband director for the Tennessee ECD. The entities can be solely broadband providers to Tennessee, or they can include nationwide coverage. ECD began accepting project applications in January 2022, and broadband providers have until March 15 to submit applications for funding requests. Projects are expected to be completed within a three-year deadline. The additional funding has allowed ECD to remove its maximum request amount for grants, which was previously $2 million. Broadband infrastructure projects are required to provide minimum speeds of 100/20 Mbps, in accordance with the US Treasury’s Final Rule on ARP funding, which takes effect on April 1. The Final Rule also stipulates that grantees are now required to participate in the Federal Communication Commission’s Affordable Connectivity Program, which provides discounted internet service to qualifying low-income households. Areas in Tennessee that have coverage below 25/3 Mbps and 10/1 Mbps, which are considered “severely underserved,” will be given priority for funding.
The early broadcast era and our current platform era bear some striking resemblances, but one parallel looms large: In the 1940s, we lost a key battle to build a potentially liberating and wondrous medium—and we are on the cusp of doing so again. Then as now, commercial operators defined the terms by which we could use our core communication and information infrastructures. Democratic oversight, public alternatives, and social responsibilities were kept to a minimum. Democratic societies must now fight to prevent this from happening again. This essay takes a closer look at some of the underlying democratic and economic theories that were taking shape 80 years ago and considers their contemporary implications. The US has tested whether the media that democracy requires can be solely delivered by a lightly regulated commercial media system. Today, the data are in, and we can see clearly where this experiment has led us. It has ended with pervasive right-wing propaganda, with little actual journalism, and with a system that is characterized by dis/misinformation and low-quality information in general. Drawing from earlier historical lessons, one potential path ahead is twofold: First, we must reclaim an affirmative understanding regarding government’s duty to ensure that our media infrastructures serve democracy. Second, we must endeavor to remove public goods like news and information from the market entirely and create public alternatives. Pairing these two arguments—one legal-democratic and one political-economic—can help provide the intellectual foundations for a progressive policy approach toward recovering our news and information systems from monopoly power and commercial capture. If we do not learn from the miscalculations of an earlier generation of reformers, we are condemned to repeat them.
[Victor Pickard is a professor of media policy and political economy at the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania.]
The way T-Mobile sees it, about 40 percent of the US population lives in smaller markets and rural areas – and the company expects to see strong growth in those areas moving forward. Those markets now represent one-third of the company’s net account production, even though the company is still deploying service to those markets and currently has service available to only about one-third of the small and rural markets in the US, said Peter Osvaldik, T-Mobile executive vice president and chief financial officer. Those new accounts are “very high-quality accounts,” Osvaldik added. T-Mobile’s current market share in small and rural markets is 15 percent but the company expects that to grow to 20 percent by 2025. When the company merged with Sprint in 2019, it committed to covering 90 percent of rural Americans with average 5G speeds of 50 Mbps – a requirement the Federal Communications Commission said would have to be met within six years.
Windstream has completed the first phase of deployment in Green County (KY) under the FCC’s Rural Digital Opportunity Fund (RDOF) by bringing access to 109 locations in the city of Greensburg. An additional 409 homes will be given fiber access by the end of the year. The Green County RDOF award of $1.5 million will be supplemented by an investment of $2.3 million by Windstream. Windstream’s Kentucky RDOF commitment is to bring fiber to the home (FTTH) services to more than 15,700 addresses across the state during the next six years. The Greensburg deployment was the first RDOF-related work done by Windstream in the state. Windstream is in the midst of a $2 billion multi-year initiative across its 18-state footprint. It has invested more than $211 million in Kentucky from 2019 through last year and served more than 120,000 addresses as of the end of 2021. Windstream was one of the big winners from the RDOF auction, which raised $9.2 billion. In early December 2020, the FCC said that Windstream had won $522.9 million for 192,567 locations across 18 states.
AT&T is expanding availability for its new multi-gigabit plans to customers in parts of Ohio, Oklahoma and Texas. The expansion of its "Hyper-Gig" plans comes after its rollout to 70 different metro regions in late January 2022. AT&T's 2-Gig and 5-Gig speed tiers will now be available in parts of seven new metro areas across the three states, including Lawton (OK), Youngstown (OH) and Abilene, Longview, Tyler, Victoria and Wichita Falls (TX). These seven metros are all-new fiber areas for AT&T and availability should arrive later in 2022. AT&T Fiber 2 Gig costs $110 a month (with AutoPay), and AT&T Fiber 5 Gig costs $180 a month (with AutoPay). Both plans include equipment fees, unlimited data and a free HBO Max subscription. There are also no annual contracts required, nor a price increase after 12 months.
Four trade groups and advocacy organizations representing the major tech companies spent roughly $2 million on Facebook advertisements opposing tech-related antitrust bills since the start of 2022. That number, which comes courtesy of an analysis of Facebook’s ad archives by Politico, will likely only increase as legislation to rein in the power of the tech giants moves through the House and Senate. Ad buys from tech trade group NetChoice made up the bulk of that spending. The group, which counts Google, Facebook and Amazon as members, spent around $1.5 million on Facebook ads targeting antitrust legislation since January 2022. The Connected Commerce Council, a business advocacy organization which receives money from Google and Amazon, came in second, with around $300,000 in ad buys opposing antitrust bills. The Taxpayers Protection Alliance spent a little less than $200,000 on similar Facebook ads, while the Chamber of Progress spent around $18,000. Robert Winterton, a spokesperson for NetChoice, said the group has used “a variety of competing ad options to educate Americans unaware of the progressive antitrust crusade against services that they rely on.” Connected Commerce Council executive director Rob Retzlaff said the group’s advertising is geared towards educating small businesses about legislation that could make their digital tools less effective. And Chamber of Progress CEO Adam Kovacevich said his group’s ads “educate voters about how the bill would impact them, and highlight Democrats who have raised concerns about the bill."
Regulators in Europe and the UK have opened an antitrust probe into a deal between Google and Meta/Facebook on online advertising, in the latest effort to tackle the market power of the world’s biggest technology companies. The move follows US antitrust investigators who are also probing an agreement informally known as “Jedi Blue.” Google and Facebook have been accused of working together to carve up advertising profits, acting together to buttress their businesses. The EU and UK probes represent the latest assault on Big Tech from global regulators that are also preparing to unleash new rules designed to challenge the primacy of groups such as Google, Meta and Amazon. In response, US tech groups have launched lobbying efforts in Washington and Brussels in an effort to protect their interests.
Benton (www.benton.org) provides the only free, reliable, and non-partisan daily digest that curates and distributes news related to universal broadband, while connecting communications, democracy, and public interest issues. Posted Monday through Friday, this service provides updates on important industry developments, policy issues, and other related news events. While the summaries are factually accurate, their sometimes informal tone may not always represent the tone of the original articles. Headlines are compiled by Kevin Taglang (headlines AT benton DOT org) and Grace Tepper (grace AT benton DOT org) — we welcome your comments.
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